Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision
Author ORCID Identifier
0009-0009-2783-7007
Document Type
Empirical Research Article
Keywords
clinical supervision, supervisory alliance, videoconferencing, nonverbal cues, social presence
Subject Area
Clinical Supervision, Counselor Education, Higher Education Counseling
Abstract
The role of nonverbal immediacy and intimacy in shaping the supervisory alliance during videoconference-based clinical supervision is understudied. Using a generic qualitative research design, data were collected from 15 practicing counselors through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis identified six primary themes, highlighting both the perceived barriers and the essential role of nonverbal cues, as well as the need for amplified behaviors in video-based interactions. The findings point to significant gaps in telesupervision training and introduce a novel framework to strengthen telepresence in videoconference supervision. This study offers actionable insight for educational institutions and governing bodies, emphasizing the importance of targeted curricula to address the challenges of establishing and sustaining effective supervisory relationships in digital settings.
Public Significance Statement
This study shows how nonverbal communication drives the relationship between counselors and their supervisors during videoconference supervision meetings. As these signals are perceived to be more difficult to express in this format, supervisors often need to use them more deliberately. By understanding these challenges, training programs can better prepare counselors and supervisors to build strong supportive relationships in digital settings, which ultimately improves care for clients.
Recommended Citation
Trenery, J. E., Karajic Siwiec, A., & Astramovich, R. L. (2026). Counselors’ experiences of the alliance in videoconference supervision: The role of nonverbals. Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision, 20(1), 1-19
Included in
Counselor Education Commons, Educational Technology Commons, Higher Education Commons, Online and Distance Education Commons, Speech and Hearing Science Commons, Student Counseling and Personnel Services Commons
